Node.js runs JavaScript and TypeScript on the server. Its non-blocking model handles many simultaneous connections efficiently, which makes it a natural fit for APIs, integrations and real-time services.
Teams choose Node.js because front-end and back-end developers can share one language, types and validation logic, and because the npm ecosystem offers mature client libraries for almost every service. It is less suited to heavy number-crunching, which we move to background workers or another runtime when needed.